From fiber into fabric, generally through two steps: one is the fiber through the spinning process to form yarn, the second is the yarn through the weaving process to form fabric. For example, clothing commonly used woven fabrics (woven fabrics) and knitted fabrics, are formed after spinning and weaving two processes. Woven fabrics (woven fabrics) are two groups of yarns perpendicular to each other on the loom according to certain rules of horizontal and vertical interlacing woven, stable structure, flat surface. Knitted fabric is formed by a group or more groups of yarns on the knitting machine according to a certain rule of stringing each other into a circle, with a loose texture and a large stretch and elasticity.
In addition, there is a part of fabric that can be formed directly by fibers without spinning and weaving. This kind of fabric is what we usually call nonwoven fabric, also called nonwoven, nonwoven fabric, nonwoven fabric. Nonwoven fabrics are made of oriented or randomly arranged fibers by friction, holding, gluing or a combination of these methods, and the connotation lies in "non-woven". This is one of the main characteristics that distinguishes nonwovens from other cloths.
What Are The Raw Materials Of Nonwoven Fabric?
People gradually learned that masks are also inextricably linked to oil. From Oil to Mask" describes in detail the whole process of turning oil into masks step by step. Oil distillation cracking can get propylene, propylene after polymerization reaction to get polypropylene, polypropylene can be further made into polypropylene fiber, which is what we usually call polypropylene. Polypropylene fiber (polypropylene) is the main fiber raw material for the production of nonwoven fabrics, but it is not the only raw material. Polyester fiber (polyester), polyamide fiber (nylon), polyacrylonitrile fiber (acrylic), viscose fiber, etc. can be used to produce nonwoven fabrics.
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How Are Nonwovens Made?
First, let's understand how fibers come to be. Chemical fibers (including man-made fibers and synthetic fibers) are made by dissolving polymer compounds in a solvent to form a spinning solution or melting them through non woven machine at high temperatures to form a melt, then squeezing the solution or melt out of the spinneret of a spinning pump, the fine stream of the spout cools and solidifies to form a virgin fiber, which then undergoes a corresponding post-treatment to form a textile-ready The spinnerets are then cooled and solidified to form virgin fibers, and the virgin fibers are then processed to form short fibers or filaments for weaving.
Chemical fiber production process
Woven fabrics are produced by spinning fibers into yarns and then weaving the yarns into cloth by weaving or knitting. Nonwoven fabric does not require spinning and weaving, so how does it turn the fibers into cloth? There are many different production processes for nonwovens, and the processes vary, but the core processes all include fiber formation and fiber web reinforcement.
Fiber formation
As the name implies, "fiber formation" means that the fibers are made into a web.
Dry forming and wet forming are more suitable for short fiber netting, generally need to pretreat the fiber raw materials, such as large fiber mass, fiber blocks into small pieces, make it loose, and remove the impurities, the various fiber components mixed evenly, ready to knot into the net before the preparation. The dry method is generally through the pretreatment of fiber carding, laying stack into a certain thickness of the fiber network. The wet method is to disperse the short fibers in water containing chemical additives to form a suspension slurry, and then the water is filtered out, and the fibers deposited on the filter will form a fiber web.
Both spinning into a net and meltblown into a net are spinning methods that use chemical fibers to make the fibers lay directly into a net during the spinning and forming process. Among them, spinning into a web is the spinning solution or melt is sprayed from the spinneret, then cooled and stretched to form a certain fineness of filament, which forms a fiber web on the receiving device. In contrast, meltblown webs use high-speed hot air to form ultra-fine fibers by extremely stretching the fine stream ejected from the spinneret, which are then gathered on the receiving device to form a fiber web. The fiber diameter formed by the meltblown method is smaller, which helps to improve the filtration efficiency.
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