Non-woven fabric is a kind of fabric that does not require spinning or weaving. It is only formed by orienting or randomly arranging textile staple fibers or filaments to form a web structure, which is then reinforced by mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods. .
Simply put: it is not interwoven and braided by yarns one by one, but the fibers are directly bonded together by physical methods, so when you get the sticky weight in your clothes , you will find that it is impossible to extract a single thread.
Characteristics of non-woven fabrics
The non-woven fabric has no warp and weft threads, so it is very convenient to cut and sew, and it is light and easy to shape. Nonwovens break through the traditional textile principles, and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production rate, high output, low cost, wide application, and many sources of raw materials.
advantage
1 Lightweight
Using polypropylene resin as the main raw material, the specific gravity is only 0.9, only three-fifths of cotton, with fluffy and good hand feeling.
2 soft
Composed of fine fibers (2-3D) light point-like hot melt bonding molding. The finished product is moderately soft and comfortable.
3 Water repellent, breathable
Polypropylene chips do not absorb water, have zero moisture content, and the finished product has good water repellency. It is composed of 100% fiber, which is porous and has good air permeability. It is easy to keep the cloth dry and easy to wash.
4 Non-toxic and non-irritating
The product is produced with FDA-compliant food-grade raw materials, without other chemical ingredients, with stable performance, non-toxic, no peculiar smell, and does not irritate the skin.
5 Anti-chemical agents
Polypropylene is a chemically inert substance, not moth-eaten, and can isolate the erosion of bacteria and insects in the liquid.
6 Antibacterial properties
The product is water-repellent, not moldy, and can isolate the erosion of bacteria and insects in the liquid, and is not moldy.
7 good physical properties
It is made of polypropylene spun directly into a mesh and thermally bonded. The strength of the product is better than that of the general staple fiber product, the strength is non-directional, and the vertical and horizontal strengths are simi
8 Environmental protection
In terms of environmental protection, the raw material of most non-woven fabrics used is polypropylene, while the raw material of plastic bags is polyethylene. Although the two substances have similar names, they are quite different in chemical structure. The chemical molecular structure of polyethylene is quite stable and extremely difficult to degrade, so it takes 300 years for plastic bags to decompose; while the chemical structure of polypropylene is not strong, the molecular chain can be easily broken, so that it can be effectively degraded , and enter the next environmental cycle in a non-toxic form, a non-woven shopping bag can be completely decomposed within 90 days. Moreover, non-woven shopping bags can be reused more than 10 times, and the pollution to the environment after disposal is only 10% of that of plastic bags.
shortcoming
1 Compared with woven cloth, the strength and durability are poor.
2 cannot be washed like other fabrics.
3 The fibers are arranged in a certain direction, so it is easy to split at right angles and so on. Therefore, the improvement of the production method is mainly focused on the improvement of preventing splitting.
The basic principle of non-woven weaving
Non-woven technology is a material processing technology that originates from textiles, but goes beyond textiles. Different non-woven process technologies have their own corresponding process principles. Generally speaking, the basic principles of non-woven technology are the same, which can be described by its technological process, which can generally be divided into the following four processes: (1) fiber preparation; (2) web formation; (3) reinforcement; (4) finishing
Classification of non-woven fabrics
Non-woven fabrics can be divided into:
Spunlace non-woven fabric
It is to spray high-pressure fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber webs, so that the fibers are entangled with each other, so that the fiber webs can be reinforced and have a certain strength.
Features
Flexible entanglement, does not affect the original characteristics of the fiber, and does not damage the fiber;
The appearance is closer to traditional textiles;
High strength and low fluff;
High hygroscopicity, rapid moisture absorption;
Soft hand feel and good drapability
Changeable appearance;
The production process is long and covers a large area;
Complex equipment and high water quality requirements;
High energy consumption.
Applications
Medical curtains, surgical gowns, surgical cover cloths, medical dressing materials, wound dressings, medical gauze, aviation rags, clothing lining fabrics, coated fabrics, disposable materials, high-grade rags for instruments, high-grade rags for electronics industry, towels, Cotton pads, wet wipes, mask covering materials, etc.
Heat-sealed non-woven fabric
It refers to the addition of fibrous or powdery hot-melt adhesive reinforcement materials to the fiber web, and the fiber web is then heated, melted and cooled to form a cloth.
Features
Surface-bonded hot-rolled surfaces are mostly smooth, and point-bonded hot-rolled are relatively fluffy.
Applications
Production of baby diapers and women's sanitary napkin covering materials, ointment base cloth, tape base cloth ABD pad covering materials, clothing linings, masks, etc.
Pulp Airlaid Nonwoven
It can also be called dust-free paper and dry-laid non-woven fabric. It uses the air-laid technology to open the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses the air-laid method to condense the fibers on the web-forming curtain, and the fiber web is reinforced into a cloth.
Features
It is characterized by good bulkiness, soft hand, wet strength and abrasion resistance. Due to the paper, it has super hygroscopic properties.
Applications
Medical hygiene materials, especially disposable hygiene products with high water absorption (such as diapers, sanitary napkins, wet gluten, wipes, etc.).
Wetlaid non-woven fabric
The fiber raw material placed in the water medium is loosened into single fibers, and different fiber raw materials are mixed at the same time to make a fiber suspension slurry.
Features
High production speed, up to 400m/min;
Can make full use of short fibers, such as length below 20mm;
There is almost no limit to the mix of fibers of different qualities;
The uniformity of the fiber web of the product is better;
Large water consumption and high one-time investment.
Applications
Special paper: dust/liquid filter paper, tea bags;
Industrial use: filters, insulating materials, sound-absorbing materials;
Medical use: medical backing, medical tape, surgical bag wrapping materials;
Civil: wallpaper, etc.
Spunbond Nonwoven
After the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, the filaments are laid into a web, and the web is then self-bonded, thermally bonded, chemically bonded or mechanically reinforced to make the web become free. spinning.
Features
The web consists of continuous filaments;
Excellent tensile strength;
There are many changes in the process, and various methods can be used for reinforcement;
Wide variation range of filament fineness;
The hand feel is poor, and the uniformity of the fiber web is poor.
Applications
Polypropylene (PP): geotextiles, tufted carpet base fabrics, coated base fabrics, medical materials, covering materials for disposable products, etc.
Polyester (PET): filter materials, lining materials, tufted carpet base fabrics, agricultural materials, packaging materials, etc.
Meltblown non-woven fabric
After the polymer has been extruded and left the spinneret hole, the melt is blown into ultra-fine staple fibers under the action of high-speed hot air, and the speed of extruding a piece flies to the mesh, and then is reinforced by thermal bonding or self-bonding to form Non-woven.
Features
The web consists of very fine, but unconnected, shorter fibers;
The uniformity of the fiber web is good, and the hand feels soft;
Good filtration performance and liquid absorption performance;
Poor web strength.
Applications
Filter materials, medical and health materials, clothing materials, battery separator materials, wiping materials.
Needle Punched Nonwoven
It is a kind of dry-laid non-woven fabric. Needle-punched non-woven fabrics use the puncturing effect of thorn needles to reinforce the fluffy fiber web into cloth.
Features
Suitable for all kinds of fibers, the machine does not depend on the original characteristics of which fiber you choose after giving birth;
Does not affect the original characteristics of the fiber;
Flexible entanglement between fibers, with good dimensional stability and elasticity;
Good permeability and filtration performance;
Feel plump and fluffy;
Various collection patterns or three-dimensional molding products can be manufactured upon request. We also have non woven fabric slitting machine. You can take a look with the link.