Rapier weaving machine, also known as spinning machines, looms, cotton spinning machines, etc., the early looms were all looms driven by manpower. The shuttleless loom technology has been researched since the 19th century, and has been gradually introduced to the international market since the 1950s. Since the 1970s, many new shuttleless looms have been put into the market one after another. Shuttleless looms have achieved remarkable results in improving fabrics and improving the efficiency of looms. They are widely used in countries around the world and speed up the process of weaving equipment transformation. The share of shuttleless looms in many developed countries has reached about 80%. There is a general trend of replacing shuttle looms with shuttleless looms.
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The earliest rapier weaving machine was the squat loom (called the waist loom) that sat on the ground. The method of use is to step on the warp stick of the loom with your feet, hold the wooden knife for beating the weft in the right hand to tighten the weft, and the left hand in the posture of the weft thread. This pedal-type waist machine has no frame. One end of the winding shaft is tied to the waist, and the other end of the warp shaft is pressed with both feet and the fabric is tensioned. The heald bar lifts the warp yarn to form a shed, the weft is inserted with the bone needle, and the weft is beaten by the beating knife. The most important achievement of waist machine weaving is the use of three kinds of lifting rods, warp splitting rods and beating knives. Although this loom seems to be very simple, it already has three directions of movement, such as opening the weaving fell up and down, weft insertion left and right, and tightening front and rear. It is the ancestor of modern looms.
In the production practice of weaving, people have gradually innovated and successfully created a twill loom with pedals. Its image appears many times on the Han Dynasty portrait stone. This twill loom already has a frame, the warp surface and the horizontal frame are at an inclination angle of fifty or sixty degrees, and an opening device for lifting the heald by foot is adopted. Weavers can sit and operate, using hands and feet together, and the productivity is generally more than 10 times higher than that of the original loom. It was the most advanced loom in the world at that time.
In the development process of the modern textile industry, various forms of shuttleless looms have appeared. Rapier weaving machine including rapier looms, projectile looms, air-jet looms, water-jet looms, multiphase looms, and magnetic weft insertion looms. and many more. Compared with shuttle looms, the fabrics produced by shuttleless looms have unparalleled advantages in terms of output, quality and variety. They have replaced shuttle looms in most weaving fields. This pace has been further accelerated and has grown from developed countries. expansion of the textile industry into developing countries. Judging from the technological development of international shuttleless looms and the needs of the textile industry, air-jet looms have made rapid progress in terms of high-speed, wide-width, and serialization. Weaving, jacquard and other fabrics are increasingly widely used, and rapier looms have advantages in terms of variety adaptability, fabric color variety changes, and wider range of weaving. These two looms have become the two most widely used models in the textile industry.
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