Chemical fibers like viscose, polyester (polyester fiber), spandex, nylon, and acrylic are also used to make textiles, as are natural fibers like cotton, hemp, and wool. Silk is another luxurious option.
A spinning process is followed by a weaving process in order to turn fibers into yarns, and then the yarns are used to create textiles. Spinning and weaving, for example, are the two procedures required to create the woven and knitted materials often seen in apparel. A loom with a sturdy frame and a level surface weaves woven textiles from two sets of strands that are perpendicular to one another. One or more groups of yarns are looped together on a knitting machine in accordance with a predetermined pattern to create knitted materials. There is a significant deal of flexibility and extensibility to the texture.
As an added bonus, certain textiles don't need spinning or weaving in the creation process at all. Nonwoven textiles are the most common term for this kind of cloth. "Non-woven" refers to textiles manufactured by friction, cohesion, adhesion, or a mixture of these technologies, and the meaning is "non-woven." Woven textiles are made up of yarns, while non-woven fabrics are made up of fibers in the cloth. Non-woven textiles have this characteristic, which sets them apart from all other types of materials. There's no way to remove even a single thread.
Non-woven textiles are made from a variety of basic materials, the most common of which are
As PetroChina and Sinopec built mask manufacturing lines, produced masks, and sold masks, the connection between masks and oil became more apparent to everyone. Every stage of the procedure is explained in depth in "From Oil To Mask." The distillation and cracking of petroleum yields propylene. We term polypropylene (a.k.a. polypropylene fiber) the final product of polymerizing propylene into polypropylene. Polypropylene fiber (polypropylene) is the primary raw material for the manufacturing of non-woven textiles, however it is not the only raw material needed. Non-woven textiles may be made from a variety of fibers, including polyester (polyester), polyamide (nylon), polyacrylonitrile (acrylic), viscose, and more.
Natural fibers like cotton, hemp, wool, and silk may also be utilized to make non-woven textiles in addition to the aforementioned chemical fibers. People commonly confuse non-woven textiles with chemical fiber goods when they say non-woven fabrics, which is a misconception. There are chemical fiber non-woven textiles and natural fiber non-woven fabrics, just as there are for the clothes we wear every day. However, chemical fiber non-woven fabrics are the more prevalent. A non-woven fabric constructed of natural fibers, such as cotton, may be seen in the photo below. The term "cotton towel" refers to a wide variety of items, although not all are composed of "cotton" fibers. A few cotton towels on the market are really composed of chemical fibers, but they have a nicer feel. Just as with cotton, it's important to check the label to see exactly what's in it.)
In what way are non-woven fabrics made?
Learn about the origins of fiber. There are natural fibers and synthetic fibers, which are formed by dissolving polymer compounds in a solvent or heating and melting them at high temperature into a melt, and then spinning from the spinning solution or the melt. Once cooled and hardened, it is spun into main fibers by the pump spinneret. Then it goes through a series of post-processing steps to create short, flexible filaments that may be utilized for spinning.
To create woven cloth, fibers are spun into yarn, which is then woven or knitted into fabric. So how can nonwoven fabric transform fibers into cloth without the need for spinning and weaving? Fiber web creation and fiber web reinforcing are two of the most common non-woven fabric manufacturing techniques, although there are numerous more as well.
fiber-laid
Fiber-laying, as the name suggests, is the process of forming fibers into a net. Dry-laid, wet-laid, spun-laid, melt-blown, and so on are some of the most common methods.
Short fiber webs are best formed using the dry-laid or wet-laid methods. For the most part, fiber raw materials need to be pre-treated, such as shredding big clusters and blocks of fiber into tiny pieces to free them and eliminate impurities., then mix the different fiber components uniformly and prepare for development of the web. Carding and placing the prepared fibers into a fiber web of a certain thickness is the most common dry process. It is possible to create a fiber web using the wet-laid process, which involves dispersing small fibers in water that has been treated with chemical additives before filtering it.
Chemical fibers are used in the spinning and forming processes for both spin-forming and melt-blown web, and the fibers are directly deposited into the web during the spinning and forming process. Afterwards, the spinning solution or melt is expelled from the spinneret, and it is cooled and stretched to form filaments of a specified fineness, resulting in the formation of a fiber web on the receiving device. High-speed, heated air is used to stretch the stream of fibers emitted from the spinneret to generate ultra-fine fibers, which are subsequently collected on the receiving device to form fiber webs. The smaller diameter of the fibers produced by the melt blowing process improves filtering performance.
reinforcing using a fiber mesh
Reinforcement is needed because the fiber web created by various procedures has a loosely connected interior structure that is unable to fulfill the demands of usage. Chemical bonding, thermal bonding, and mechanical reinforcement are all common ways of reinforcement.
Adhesive reinforcement by means of chemicals In order to make a fabric out of the fiber web, the glue is first applied to the web using one of many methods, including dipping, spraying, printing, and so on.
Most high-molecular-weight polymers are thermoplastic, which means that when heated to a particular temperature, they melt and become sticky before solidifying again. The fiber web may be strengthened using this method as well. When using hot air bonding, hot steel rollers and a specified pressure are used to heat the web and make it bind and strengthen it. When using hot rolling bonding, the web is heated and bonded and reinforced using hot steel rollers.
As the name indicates, mechanical external force is applied to the fiber web to strengthen it. Acupuncture, spunlace, and other treatments are often employed. Needle punching is the process of repeatedly puncturing a fiber web with barbs such that the fibers in the web get entangled and serve as a stabilizing force. If you've ever played Pokemon Go, you should be acquainted with this strategy. Fluffy fiber balls may be manipulated into a variety of forms using acupuncture. Spunlace is a technique that employs high-speed, high-pressure water jets to entangle and strengthen the fiber web.
There are other post-processing steps that must be completed before the fiber becomes a nonwoven fabric, such as drying, shaping and printing or embossing. Depending on the web-forming and reinforcing methods, non-woven textiles may be categorized into numerous categories, such as spunlace non-woven fabrics, needle-punched, spunbond, melt-blown, heat sealed, and heat-sealed non-woven fabrics. There are many various types of non-woven textiles, and each kind has its own unique properties.
In what applications may non-woven materials be used?
Non-woven textiles offer a shorter process flow, faster manufacturing rate, higher output, and lower cost compared to traditional textile fabrics. As a result of this, non-woven materials are extensively utilized and their products can be found all over the place, making them a part of our everyday lives.
For example, non-woven materials are used in a variety of everyday throwaway items, including bed sheets and pillows as well as sleeping bags and undergarments as well as compressed towels, face mask paper, wet wipes and diapers There is no medical sector without the use of non-woven textiles for a variety of other items, such as surgical aprons and isolation suits. Among other uses, non-woven textiles are used in wall coverings, carpets, storage boxes and vacuum cleaner filter bags, heat insulation pads and shopping bags for the house. Non-woven fabrics are also extensively employed in automobile floor mats, roof materials and door linings and filter fabrics for filters.
With the advancement of non-woven fiber raw materials, manufacturing techniques, and equipment, more and more high-performance non-woven goods are expected to enter our daily lives. SUNTECH also has non woven fabric slitting machine. To see more, all it takes is a single click on your part.